The Best Paint Primers & Sealers

Understanding Primer Types

• Latex/Water-Based Primers: These are versatile, quick-drying, and easy to clean up with soap and water. They are ideal for general use on drywall, plaster, and previously painted surfaces.
• Oil-Based Primers: Known for their excellent stain-blocking capabilities, oil-based primers are great for covering knots, water stains, smoke damage, and dark colors. They require mineral spirits for cleanup and have a longer drying time.
• Shellac-Based Primers: Offering superior adhesion and stain blocking, shellac primers are fast-drying and excellent for difficult surfaces like slick paint, glossy finishes, or wood with strong odors. They are best for spot priming rather than entire walls.
• Bonding Primers: Specifically formulated to adhere to challenging surfaces like tile, glass, or laminate, bonding primers create a durable base for subsequent paint layers.

Considering Your Surface

• Drywall and Plaster: Most standard latex primers work well on new drywall or plaster. For new drywall, a primer-and-sealer in one can be a good option to seal the porous surface and provide a uniform base.
• Wood: For bare wood, an oil-based primer is often recommended to seal the grain and prevent tannin bleed-through. For previously painted wood, a latex primer may suffice unless there are significant stains.
• Metal: Metal surfaces may require a primer with rust-inhibiting properties, especially if exposed to moisture. Specialty metal primers are available for this purpose.
• Challenging Surfaces: For glossy paint, laminate, tile, or other non-porous materials, a bonding primer is essential for adequate adhesion.

Key Features to Look For

• Stain Blocking: If you're covering significant stains, watermarks, or dark colors, choose a primer specifically designed for stain blocking.
• Odor Sealing: For areas with strong odors like smoke or pet stains, look for primers formulated to seal in and neutralize these smells.
• Mold and Mildew Resistance: In damp environments like bathrooms or basements, a primer with added mildewcidal agents can help prevent future growth.
• Adhesion: Ensure the primer is formulated to adhere well to your specific substrate, especially if it's a difficult or unusual material.

Application Tips

• Always prepare your surface by cleaning, sanding (if necessary), and dusting it thoroughly before applying primer.
• Use the correct applicator for the primer type; latex primers are best applied with synthetic brushes and rollers, while oil-based primers work well with natural bristles.
• Apply primer evenly in thin, consistent coats. Avoid applying too thickly, as this can lead to drips and poor adhesion.
• Allow adequate drying time between coats and before applying paint, following the manufacturer's recommendations.